Chronicle of the Windmühlenmesser manufacturer

Herderskotten

It just started. The first Robert Herder knives were sharpened in Herderskotten am Kuckesberg after Robert Herder separated from his mother and siblings at Keusenhof and became self-employed.

As the company developed, the work of other grinders in other Solingen Kotten was added, such as the Kuckesberger Kotten, the Brucher Kotten and the Wipperkotten.

Our knives were sharpened here by first-class grinders up until World War II. We already made the handles, called handles, in our handle milling shop. The blade control, assembly of the knives, packaging and shipping also took place in the buildings on Benrather Strasse in Solingen-Ohligs.

A Kotten is a small, independent business facility, usually located on a watercourse, as water power was needed to drive forging hammers, grinding stones and molding wheels, for example for making knives and scissors.

Herderskotten on the left, Wipperkotten on the right

Herderskotten on the left, Wipperkotten on the right


[Translate to Englisch:] Links Kuckesbergerkotten, rechts Brucher Kotten

[Translate to Englisch:] Links Kuckesbergerkotten, rechts Brucher Kotten

Founding and beginnings of the company

Our company was founded by Robert Herder at Keusenhof in 1872, one year after the end of the Franco-Prussian War 1871. After the death of his father Daniel Herder (the younger) in 1874, there was an inheritance dispute with his mother Rosine, née Schleifer, and his siblings. In 1879 his siblings sold him the land and the house on the Keusenhof.

Knife blades were already sharpened and polished by and for Daniel Herder (the elder) in Herderskotten, which has been on record since 1731, the last Itterkotten on the Kuckesberg at the mouth of the Lochbach into the Itter, which also belonged to the Keusenhof. Daniel Herder (the younger) acquired it in 1846. Even later, the Kotten remained in the family’s possession, but was leased to other grinders, who in turn worked for Robert Herder.


Expansion and relocation to Benrather Strasse

The rapid first years were followed by a carefully planned, continuous development of the Robert Herder company. The premises at the Keusenhof became too small. Therefore, in 1895 he acquired a property at Benrather Straße 7. He moved his company headquarters there and built a two-storey commercial building there in 1896, in which people lived, managed, and where the goods were packed and shipped. At that time, the specialists from our company for the grinding and polishing of the blades, and for the grinding and turning out of the handles, sat exclusively in the Kotten of Solingen such as the Herderskotten, the Wipperauer Kotten or the Brucher Kotten, because there was no watercourse on Benrather Straße , which could have supplied the energy for the whetstones and pleated discs.

New building on Benrather Strasse and today’s view

New building on Benrather Strasse and today’s view


Floor plan of the company premises in 1900

Floor plan of the company premises in 1900

Electrification of the city of Ohligs and the construction of a factory

It was not until 1898 that the town of Ohligs, which was still an independent town at the time, began to be electrified, and with it gradually the possibility of building up production even without a watercourse. With foresight and ambition in the technical and commercial work, Paul Herder drove the development of the company forward in this respect as well.

In October 1900, for example, an application was made to build a “factory facility”, an approx. 15 m long building with a triple window in the ceiling, in which the stitching shop was to be built. Two years later, in 1902, the residential building was built and a concession for a drop hammer with a hammer weight of 75 kg and an anvil weight of 1030 kg as well as for the necessary hammer foundation for this building was applied for and granted. Blade forging should now also take place in the company’s own factory. On October 4, 1902, the drop hammer was put into operation. In order to cover the further energy requirements, an application was made in 1904 for the construction of a suction gas system as a drive.

 


The unstoppable rise of Herder

The company did well, building a reputation for good quality and also exporting heavily to the Dutch East Indies (Indonesia), Belgium, the Netherlands and South America. The family was frugal and continuously invested in the factory. The positive development was interrupted by World War I. In 1917 Robert Herder died. Paul, his son became the sole owner and successfully led the company through the difficult post-war years.

Efforts to produce independently continued. In 1921 a storage shed was built. In 1922 an important project was added, the construction of the grinding shop. Now the company is almost in a position to carry out all knife manufacturing processes itself.

At that time, the construction cost of this massive brick building, which is still in use today, was 80,000 marks. For cost reasons, it was built only half as large as originally planned. In 1926 the drying room for the mechanical drying of the stained wooden handles was built.

In 1927 an open building, a kind of woodshed, was added to cook the handles with logwood extract for black pickling, a process that is still practiced to some extent today.

 

Oversized view of the company premises (from a historical catalog)

Oversized view of the company premises (from a historical catalog)


Views of the inner courtyard of the knife manufacturer in the 70s

Views of the inner courtyard of the knife manufacturer in the 70s

Paul Herder's inventions

The period from 1921 to 1938 is marked by Paul Herder’s tremendous wealth of ideas, on the one hand in relation to sales measures and on the other hand in terms of product development and the technical development of the company. A patent or utility model protection was registered every year. The simplified manufacturing technology for razor blades on the band, as well as the development of the hollow paring knife are examples of this. We still manufacture today according to the principles he laid down for the quality and technical foundations of our knives. “Thin, tough, nail-biting... good knives are made by hand.”


The war years

The Second World War also affected our company greatly. Paul Herder and his wife Anna died during the war. Günter Herder comes home injured at the end of 1943, his brother Werner, also injured in the war, returns home later. Günter Herder saves the company and the house from burning down after a bomb attack. After the end of the war, the years of hunger and the currency reform in 1948, the two brothers go back to work.

The company is producing again, the customers are making contact. The demand for Windmill knives is strong and sales are picking up again. The domestic and foreign business is growing and the expansion of the production becomes necessary.

 

In the 1970s, driving in the yard was still allowed. Here is an old VW bus as a company vehicle.

In the 1970s, driving in the yard was still allowed. Here is an old VW bus as a company vehicle.


Ellerstrasse office building: left 1966, right today

Ellerstrasse office building: left 1966, right today

The company keeps growing

In 1949, the grinding shop building from 1922 was expanded with a second building.
In 1950 the first plans are submitted for a two-storey new building and extension of the old shed for the grinding shop and the shipping shop (handle assembly). It was not completed until 1958, after a few official obstacles.

The office building at Ellerstraße 16 was the last building to be added in 1966. Until then, Benrather Str. 7, where the administration was located on the ground floor, had been the main address. This has now changed with the new office building at Ellerstraße 16.